A Cultural History of Gambling in Africa – From Abbia to Online Betting

Zimbabwe News Update

🇿🇼 Published: 30 March 2026
📘 Source: Mail & Guardian

This article will attempt to answer some of those questions and more. From historical gambling to the games introduced across Africa in colonial times to the modern enthusiastic adoption of online football betting and casinos in the 21st century, this is what you need to know about the history of gambling in Africa. The history of gambling games in Africa is somewhat hard to determine concretely.

Much of precolonial African culture was recorded in oral histories, which were often erased or suppressed by colonial powers. Abbia is a game that involves pitching multi-faceted wooden carvings from a cup or bowl, and gamblers put bets on which faces will come up in which combinations. Mancala is known by a multitude of names across Africa, but the core concept remains the same.

Players move a series of beads or stones across a board, capturing each other’s pieces with diagonal moves. Although no wager is directly tied to the gameplay, it has historically been associated with gambling – including high-stakes bets of whole farms and cattle herds. People were also well known to wager informally on events like wrestling matches or dancing contests.

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The colonial period of Africa’s history reshaped Africa’s culture in almost every way, and leisure and entertainment activities like gambling were not excluded from that. Despite colonial attempts to regulate or ban it at various times, Africans across the continent continued to gamble informally on dice games and card games throughout the period. Many of these blend the traditional, competitive and social aspects of ancient African gambling games with colonial settler gameplay elements.

During this time, religious attitudes across the continent also shaped gambling. Countries with The country has had legal online gambling since the 1990s, and its growth has been spurred by investment in strong internet infrastructure and increasingly widespread smartphone adoption. Online gambling now makes R100 billion a year in revenues, and there are millions of bettors across the country.

Particularly in sports betting, which drives 75% of betting activity. Although online casinos are also on the rise. significant Christian or Muslim populations have historically been more anti-gambling, but attitudes are changing in the 21st century. Today, South Africa, in particular, is the largest gambling market in the region.

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📰 Article Attribution
Originally published by Mail & Guardian • March 30, 2026

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